Case का ka is used for possession and has three forms – का/ka, की/kee, के/ke. This case denotes the relationship between a noun / pronoun and another noun.
1. का ka is used if the possessed noun is masculine singular. Gender and the number of possessors do not matter.
Example:
My daughter’s mobile – मेरी बेटी का मोबाइल – Meree betee ka mobile – This sentence can be said by a male or a female without any change. Here meree (my) is used as the next noun betee (daughter) is feminine. And ka is used as mobile is masculine in Hindi. So it does not matter if the mobile is possessed by a male or a female, it will always be ka mobile as mobile is masculine and singular.
David’s brother – डेविड का भाई – David ka bhai
Emily’s brother – एमिलि का भाई – Emily ka bhai
My brother – मेरा भाई – Mera bhai – When main joins with ka, we get mera – Lesson 16.
2. के ke is used if the possessed noun is masculine plural. Gender and the number of possessors do not matter.
My son’s dogs – मेरे बेटे के कुत्ते – Mere bete ke kutte – This sentence can be said by a male or a female without any change. Here mere (my) is used as there is a kaarak sign after bete. And ke is used as dogs is masculine and plural in Hindi. So it does not matter if the dogs are possessed by a male or a female, it will always be ke.
David’s apples – डेविड के सेब – David ke seb
Emily’s apples – एमिलि के सेब – Emily ke seb
His apples – उसके सेब – Uske seb – When vah joins with ke, we get uske – Lesson 16.
3. When the second noun in masculine is followed by another case (में पर को से का के की), then का ka before the second noun becomes ke के.
To David’s brother – डेविड का भाई को – David ka bhai ko becomes डेविड के भाई को – David ke bhai ko
In his shoes – उसका जूते में – Uskaa joote mein becomes उसके जूते में – Uske joote mein
4. की kee is used if the possessed noun is feminine (singular/plural). Gender and the number of possessors do not matter.
My son’s wife – मेरे बेटे की पत्नी – Mere bete kee patnee – This sentence can be said by a male or a female without any change. Here mere (my) is used as there is a kaarak sign after bete. And kee is used as wife is feminine in Hindi.
David’s book – डेविड की किताब – David kee kitaab
David’s books – डेविड की किताबें – David kee kitaabein
Emily’s book – एमिलि की किताब – Emily kee kitaab
Emily’s books – एमिलि की किताबें – Emily kee kitaabein
More examples:
Silk saree – Saree of silk
रेशम की साड़ी – Resham kee saadee
Gold chain – Chain of gold
सोने की जंजीर – Sone kee janjeer
Bookshop – Shop of books
किताबों का दुकान – Kitaabon ka dukaan
Wooden house – House of wood
लकड़ी का घर – Lakadee ka ghar
Fruits of this tree
इस पेड़ के फल – Is ped ke phal
5. का / की / के is used to express the value of a object
100rs shirt – Shirt costing 100rs
सौ रुपए की शर्ट – Sau rupaye kee shirt
These books cost 500rs
ये पाँच सौ रुपए की कोताबें हैं – Ye paanch sau rupaye kee kitaaben hain
6. का / की / के is used to indicate a place
I am from America
मैं अमेरिका से हूँ – Main amerika se hoon
मैं अमेरिका का हूँ – Main amerika ka hoon (I belong to America)
They are from the village
ये गाँव से हैं – Ye gaanv se hain
ये गाँव के हैं – Ye gaanv ke hain (They belong to village)
7. के is used to indicate relationship, property, and parts of body irrespective of the number and gender of the next word.
Ram had two sons – राम के दो बेटे थे – Raam ke do bete the
Bill gates has ten cars – बिल गेट्स के दस कार हैं – Bill gates ke das car hain
Cyclops has only one eye – साईक्लोप्स के सिर्फ़ एक आँख है – Cyclops ke sirf ek aankh hai